How it works
This plural words spelling list sorts 106 plurals by what happens to the singular: add s, add es, change y to ies, change f to ves, change the word itself, or change nothing at all.
Read the full guide
Lists 1 to 4: add s or es
List 1 just adds s (rockets, penguins) and List 2 adds s after a vowel and y (monkeys, trays). List 3 adds es after s and x (glasses, foxes, mailboxes) and List 4 after ch and sh (peaches, bushes).
A list of plural spelling words that change spelling
List 5 changes y to ies (berries, galaxies) and List 6 changes f or fe to ves (leaves, knives). List 7 has plurals that change the word itself: men, feet, mice, oxen, children. List 8 turns is into es (crises, oases).
- List 2 mirrors List 5: after a vowel the y stays and takes s, as in monkeys and trays.
Questions and answers
What are plural words that change spelling?
Plurals made by more than adding s or es: families (y to ies), wolves (f to ves), teeth and geese (a new vowel), children and oxen (an en ending) and hypotheses (is to es). Lists 5 to 8 hold them.
Which plural words that do not change spelling are on the list?
List 9: sheep, deer, moose, species, series, aircraft, spacecraft, bison, headquarters, swine, means and offspring. One sheep, ten sheep: each sentence uses the word as a plural.
Why is fish not with the plurals that stay the same?
The dictionary gives fish two plurals, fish and fishes. Grouse, shrimp and elk also have a second plural ending in s, so List 9 keeps to words with one plural form.
Do scarves and hooves belong with leaves and wolves?
Both are correct, but the dictionary also allows scarfs and hoofs, so they are left off List 6. Its twelve words, such as shelves, loaves and sheaves, have one plural only.