How it works
Multiplication chart 11 looks like the easiest of all: write the digit twice, as in 11 × 7 = 77, and nine lines are done. The work is in 11 × 11 = 121, 11 × 12 = 132 and on to 11 × 20 = 220.
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Split the digits, add in the middle
Up to 11 × 9 the answer is the digit written twice. For a two-digit number, keep its digits on the outside and write their sum between them: 11 × 12 gives 1, then 1 + 2 = 3, then 2, which is 132. If the sum is 10 or more, carry. For 11 × 19 the middle is 10, so the answer is 209.
Go up to × 20 to practice the split
Set Go up to at × 20 and the chart gains 11 × 13 = 143 to 11 × 20 = 220, eight lines that all need the split. Only 11 × 19 carries. Press New quiz and work each hidden answer by the rule, not by adding 11.
- Stuck past 11 × 9 = 99? Start from 11 × 10 = 110 and add: 110 + 11 = 121.
- Ten lines are on the 1 to 10 tables already, turned around. Only 11 × 11 and 11 × 12 are new.
- 77 sits only in the 11 row and column of a 12 by 12 chart, so 77 ÷ 11 = 7.
Questions and answers
Is there a quick test for the 11 times table?
Yes. Working from the left, subtract and add the digits in turn. A result of 0 or a multiple of 11 means the number is in the table. For 132 that is 1 − 3 + 2 = 0, and for 209 it is 2 − 0 + 9 = 11.
Why do the 11 times table answers repeat a digit?
Because 11 is 10 + 1. Ten times a digit puts it in the tens place and one times it leaves it in the ones place: 11 × 4 is 40 + 4 = 44. Past 11 × 9 the two parts overlap: 120 + 12 = 132.
Where does the 11 times table turn up outside school?
In team sports and old measures. Soccer, cricket and American football all field 11 players a side, so two teams make 22. A cricket pitch is 22 yards long, and a furlong is 220 yards, which is 11 × 20.