3 Digit Multiplication Worksheets

Pick a size under Sheet type, 3-digit × 1-digit to 3-digit × 3-digit, press Make a new sheet, then Print.

Sheet type

Problems

Answer key

9 problems. 3-digit × 3-digit, any digits. Sheet G51YC1, with its answer key.

3-digit × 3-digit, any digits

Name Date Score / 9

Multiply. Write one row for each digit of the bottom number, then add the rows.

Sheet G51YC1 · Made at homeroomtools.com

Answer key. 3-digit × 3-digit, any digits

1.61,488
2.871,884
3.128,288
4.183,799
5.178,007
6.505,749
7.602,580
8.285,840
9.253,550

Sheet G51YC1 · Made at homeroomtools.com

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How it works

Free 3 digit multiplication worksheets open on 3-digit × 3-digit, such as 412 × 236 = 97,232. For a smaller size, pick 3-digit × 1-digit or 3-digit × 2-digit under Sheet type. The answer key prints on its own page.

Read the full guide

Three rows and a sum

Long multiplication multiplies the top number by each digit of the multiplier, then adds the shifted rows. For 412 × 236 the rows are 2,472, 12,360 and 82,400, which total 97,232. The One row at a time group drills a row alone: 412 × 200 = 82,400 is the third row, with two zeros holding its place.

Zeros in the multiplier

In 412 × 206 the tens row is all zeros. Some classes write 000 and some skip the row, but the last row still starts in the hundreds column: 2,472 + 82,400 = 84,872. In 340 × 120, set both end zeros aside, work 34 × 12 = 408, then write them back: 40,800.

Triple digit multiplication worksheets need no new facts. Print Multiplier digits 1 to 3 first, so attention goes to lining up three rows.
Choose On squared paper for pupils whose columns drift. One digit to a square keeps each row in its column.
Estimate first: 412 × 289 is about 400 × 300 = 120,000, so a total of 7,828, the rows without place holder zeros, is wrong.

Questions and answers

Which grade is a three digit multiplication worksheet for?

Grade 4 for 3-digit × 1-digit, grade 5 beyond. Common Core 4.NBT.5 stops at 4-digit × 1-digit and 2-digit × 2-digit, and 5.NBT.5 names no largest size. Texas 5.3(B) names 3-digit by 2-digit, so 3 digit by 3 digit multiplication worksheets go one step further.

Where are the other 3-digit by 1-digit and 3-digit by 2-digit sheets?

This page has one sheet of each. The 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheets build up carrying one step at a time. The 3-digit by 2-digit multiplication worksheets cover the size Texas names for grade 5.

How many digits does a 3-digit by 3-digit answer have?

Five or six. The smallest, 100 × 100, is 10,000 and the largest, 999 × 999, is 998,001. Squares show the boundary: 316 × 316 = 99,856 has five digits and 317 × 317 = 100,489 has six.

All 15 sheet types

Start at a smaller size 2

3-digit × 1-digit, any digits 412 × 6 = 2,472. One row of working and no place holder zeros: the size the Common Core names for grade 4. The full set, built up one carry at a time, is on the 3-digit by 1-digit page.
3-digit × 2-digit, any digits 412 × 36 = 14,832, from the rows 2,472 and 12,360. Two rows and one place holder zero: the size Texas names for grade 5. The full set is on the 3-digit by 2-digit page.

One row at a time 3

3-digit × a multiple of 100 412 × 200 = 82,400. This is the third row of a 3-digit by 3-digit problem, practiced alone: work out 412 × 2, then write two zeros to hold the tens and ones places.
Multiplier digits 1 to 3 412 × 123 = 50,676, from the rows 1,236, 8,240 and 41,200. With only 1s, 2s and 3s in the multiplier the facts are easy, so attention goes to lining up three rows.
No carrying inside the rows 312 × 231 = 72,072. Every digit product is under 10 (the largest here is 3 × 3), so each row is written straight down and the only carrying is in the final addition.

Show all 15 sheet types (10 more)

Full 3-digit × 3-digit 4

3-digit × 3-digit, any digits 412 × 236 = 97,232: the rows are 2,472 (× 6), 12,360 (× 30) and 82,400 (× 200). The page opens on this sheet, 9 problems with room for three rows and the total.
A 3-digit number times itself 125 × 125 = 15,625. Squares make a tidy extension with a question attached: five digits or six? Every number up to 316 gives five (316 × 316 = 99,856), and 317 × 317 = 100,489 is the first with six.
Digits 6 to 9 only 876 × 987 = 864,612. Every digit product is 36 or more, so there is a carry at almost every step and the answer always has six digits. A stamina sheet for confident pupils.
On squared paper The same problems printed on a background of squares, one digit to a square. A row that drifts one column changes the total, and one digit to a square holds each row in place.

Zeros in either number 3

Both numbers end in zero 340 × 120 = 40,800. Set the two end zeros aside, multiply 34 × 12 = 408, then put both zeros back. It turns a three-row problem into a two-row one.
Zero in the tens place of the multiplier 412 × 206 = 84,872. The middle row is all zeros, and a class may write it or skip it. Either way the 2 still stands for 200, so its row still ends in two zeros: 82,400.
Zero inside the top number 405 × 236 = 95,580. In the first row 6 × 5 = 30 carries a 3, then 6 × 0 = 0, and the carried 3 still has to be written in the tens place: 2,430.

Partial products 1

Nine partial products Nine products written in a column, then added once: 365 × 124 = 45,260. It is slower than three rows, but no carrying happens until the final sum.

Word problems 2

Area of a rectangle with 3-digit sides A lot is 365 feet long and 124 feet wide, so its area is 365 × 124 = 45,260 square feet. Pupils set up the multiplication themselves.
Equal groups with 3-digit numbers A warehouse holds 148 boxes with 325 pencils in each: 148 × 325 = 48,100 pencils.

How this list was compiled: Sheet types, wording and worked examples are own work; every worked example was computed twice by script on 2026-09-18. The description of long multiplication (multiply the top number by each digit of the multiplier, then add the shifted rows), the count of about n × n digit products for two n-digit numbers, and the grid method that splits both factors into hundreds, tens and ones were checked 2026-09-18 against https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplication_algorithm. Standards wording checked 2026-09-18 against the full text of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (national copy, https://learning.ccsso.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/ADA-Compliant-Math-Standards.pdf, read again 2026-09-20): 5.NBT.5 asks for fluent multi-digit multiplication with the standard algorithm and names no largest size, and 5.NBT.2 covers the pattern of zeros. Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, 19 TAC 111.7 Grade 5, adopted 2012 (https://tea.texas.gov/laws-and-rules/sboe-rules-tac/sboe-tac-currently-effect/ch111a.pdf): 5.3(A) estimation and 5.3(B), which names a three-digit number by a two-digit number, so 3-digit by 3-digit goes one step past what Texas names. The two starting sheets for 3-digit × 1-digit and 3-digit × 2-digit were added on 2026-09-20; 4.NBT.5 and Texas 4.4(D), which both stop grade 4 at a four-digit number by a one-digit number, were read again that day in the same two documents. Licence: own work